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Archive for the ‘Infancy’ Category

Growth and development from toddler through to preschoolers and school age children is one of the most important stages of development of life. This period is marked by increase rate of growth in all dimensions of life. This is matched with increased demand of nutrients. To understand growth and development and correlated nutrient demand throughout this period, it is important to look at each and every stage independently.

During infancy, the child undergoes a rapid growth and development. Infancy is a critical period of development since the body is experiencing a rapid growth of some body organs. There is a high demand of energy and proteins due to rapid rate of growth. Since the child is born with nutrients reserves, the child should be exclusively breastfed as breast milk contains all the nutrients the child needs for the first six months.

Breast milk also contains immunoglobins which strengthen the immune system and is safe to the mother. AT the age of six month, most nutrient reserves, especially iron are depleted and the child will require weaning to supplement nutrients in breast milk. Complementary feeding should be introduced from six months and each food at a time to track its effect on the child. By the age of 12 months, the child should be consuming most of the table foods.

Toddler period begins soon after the child attains 12 months of age until they attain the age of 2 years. At this stage, the child has learned to walk up steps when held in the hand and can utter 10 to 25 words. The child may also begin to play with other children. Like in infancy, the child has increased nutrient demand to match the rapid growth of body cells.

There will be increased energy demand as the body muscles continue to growth and there is increased body movement and control. There will also be increased protein needs to generate new body cells while vitamins and mineral will be required for high body metabolism and building immune system. At this stage also the child learns to use their fingers and therefore parents can start introducing finger foods to teach the child to eat by themselves. Although the child can eat a wide range of table foods, breastfeeding should be continued until the child attains the age of 2 years. At this stage, the child will require a balanced diet.

Preschool period ranges from three to five years. During this period, the child continues with high rate of growth and development. Apart from physical and cognitive growth, there is a high level of social growth. The child interacts and plays with other children. Preschoolers can eat the food eaten by the rest of the family members unless they have allergic problems with some of the foods. However, their rate of growth is quite high compared to that of adults and therefore their diet should take this into consideration. At this period, the child may also start developing crave for junks and though there should be room for treats, this should be limited to ensure the child adhere to a health diet. Preschoolers should be allowed to feed by themselves.

School going age starts from five years onwards. This is a time of great change in the child as the child experience a slowed physical growth until they reach adolescent but there is growth in abstract and logical reasoning. This period is also marked by independence which may affect food intake due to preferences and peer influence. Parents must ensure adherence to a healthy balanced diet. While school aged children may eat junk foods in school or not meet dietary requirements at school, the two meal children eat at home, breakfast and supper, must be well balanced. At this period, parents must teach children on healthy eating patterns and dangers of junk food.

Related Infancy Articles

In the childhood

cleaning is very important to a child. Taking into account the care of this problem, the parents must make sure to follow these guidelines point. Cleaning the baby’s body may be necessary. So, your child every night with warm water bath. Children can lead to disease in the next few bucket of cold water. Bath with the water must be warm water in the morning, the required heat of the night. With the passage of time, you can reduce the temperature of the water. Then the child can be placed in the water or sponge. You may need to keep watch on children when he or she is placed in cold water, usually may not be suitable for the child’s body. Dry skin, use flannel. Best of all, if the skin is dry. Need to try to do this action quickly and effectively to the child’s strength.

buttocks, armpits and groin will be dry. If the child is fat, and then use the powder-like hair, body parts of the mud. This helps to prevent bedsores. SOAP is the use of area to receive the dirt. Childhood, children at this age, take a bath more than once did not think very necessary. Many people feel very happy face, then the child’s hand is always kept clean. However, you have to remember, newspapers, to the baby shower is very necessary to maintain healthy child sensitive. As a child his bed, he or she will be required in the shower bath. If the alarm children or children may stimulate a bath sponge from head to foot with salt water. The COLS water bath is always better, though may be a little too cold, then with warm water bathing purposes. Body must quickly dry, there will be very large, rub the body with a towel. Do not have a lot of delay, the child must wear, once failed to reach any form of delay. If a child lives in the sea, then you can take advantage of the advantages of this ocean, leave the baby shower. After breakfast end of the two or three hours after the child can be wet. Create a positive, before or after work is being done to children in the water, because water may be cold, then it can become too hot. It also mght create babies should not be worried about water. Swimming is a good exercise to teach children the proper age. A cold bath, especially during the summer, you can promote your baby a lot. This is not your child, you can stop doing so. If you can not take a bath your baby every day and then the youngest boy is building to receive a sponge bath. In the cold season, if the child is warm, subtle use of salt water and vinegar.